ABS: Brake wisely!

One of the important tasks of the driver - to stop in time to avoid an emergency situation. Stops are abrupt and forced, when the car needs to stop moving for a very short time. For effective inhibition in the complete set of modern models include anti-lock brakes. ABS helps the car did not go to the SW and maintain control. If the machine is not equipped with an ABS, then brake its wheels completely blocked, because of which the driver loses the ability to maneuver. By no means everyone can relax for a split second the brake pedal to activate the wheel and brake on impulse, to pay the rate (to simulate ABS). Yes, and this method has downsides - people are not able to let go and press the brake with the same frequency as the system ABS (up to 15 times per second), so it is only good for the diversion of sudden obstacles. Even more stopping distance with self intermittent braking only increases. Feature anti-lock system (ABS - Anti-lock Brake System) is to prevent wheel lock braking machine and maintaining its controllability and directional stability. When you lock the wheels electronics squeeze and let off the brake pads so that the wheels do not slide on the road, and cranking. If ABS is set up badly, then maybe its early operation, due to which only the braking distance increases. Wheel lock called heterogeneous surface when the load on the axis is different, and if the cars are different tires. This condition is dangerous because the machine is helpless to action of lateral forces (collision, rotation). Blocking increases the stopping distance. Conventional physics - static friction force greater than sliding friction. Therefore, for effective braking to generate pressure in the brake lines so that wheels during braking scrolls on the verge of locking. Electronic braking locks and unlocks the wheels, so that the speed of stopping the wheel was 15-20% lower rate of free riding. Depending on the extent of stopping the wheel slip rate ranges from zero to 100% (from the usual drive to complete blocking). With the experiments it was found that the best car slows down at 15-20% slippage. Antilock brake system consists of an electronic control unit and sensors gidromodulyatora rotational wheel speed. As soon as the wheels lock, the sensors report it to the control unit, and then signal to the pilot valve gidrostimulyatora. The fluid pressure in the brake mechanism is reduced, then the wheels braked effectively, it is restored. In different systems ABS frequency of these cycles varies from 6 to 14 times per second - more often, the less impact is felt on the brake pedal. The most frequent two-and three-channel anti-lock brake system. Two-channel system consists of two wheel sensors and two valves (one for front and rear wheels) mounted diagonally to the longitudinal axis. Such a system is cheaper, but is limited in scope. Three-channel consist of the three sensors and three valves (one for the two front and one rear wheel). Stop each wheel front axle is independently from each other. There are also quite expensive and complex system of ABS - four-channel. It consists of four sensors (one for each wheel) and individual valves for each wheel. The system determines the most suitable mode of braking for each wheel individually. Anti-lock systems are connected in two ways - the diagonal and the bridges, it depends on the type of brake systems in motor vehicles. To date, ABS can detect road surface roughness, angles of the wheels, as well as the radius of the wheel when it was found a spare size. Often, anti-lock wheel works in conjunction with the system of brake force distribution EBD (Electronic Brake Distribution), which distributes the intensity of braking for each wheel. When the work both of these systems, the driver can brake in a turn or to dissimilar surfaces. The sensor determines that the speed varies, and will give a signal to reduce the brake force to the wheels that are better linked with the road. However, even with ABS should not push that is urine on the brake pedal, it will not help stop faster. And for those who, by contrast, is afraid of too much press, invented a system Brake Assist, which creates a strong pressure in the brake line. It works only with a sharp attack on the brake pedal. Observe and cons of ABS - on cars with this system (at the available options) is more complicated braking on snow, ice, sand, soil, and also lose the benefits of studded tires. Equipped with studded tires stop the car faster at the expense of coupling, the spikes cut into the coating. Locked wheel rolls in front of "cushion" of snow or soil, which serves as an additional obstacle to moving forward. And with intermittent braking with ABS spikes do not realize their property because of what the stopping distance even increases. But this does not mean that the owners of vehicles with this system should not be shod car in the studded tires. Another problem faced by owners of vehicles with anti-lock braking system - if one wheel when braking up into the air and blocked, the system determines that the car was in a skid, and reduce the pressure in the brake lines, due to which in-turn machine can vilnut . First name, which established a system in your car atniblokirovki wheels, was Mercedes-Benz. It began in 1979, installed on Mercedes S-class system of ABS, developed jointly with Bosch. It is this principle of operation is still used in modern systems, the years it has only improved.